Battery Charging
| Battery Charging |
| Correct charging is one of the most important factors to consider when using SLA battery. Battery performance and service life will be directly affected by the charging methods: 1) Constant voltage charging 2) Constant current charging 3) Two steps constant voltage charging |
| 1) Constant Voltage Charging |
| This is the recommended method of charging SLA battery. It is necessary to closely control the actual voltage to ensure that it is with the limits advised. The Table 3 shows the charge voltage and maximum charge current. It is suggested that the initial current be set within 0.3CApms. The charge current is initial large and decreases towards the end of charging. It is necessary to set the charge voltage according to battery charging and temperature characteristics. Inaccurate voltage causes overcharge and undercharge. |
| Table 3: Charge Voltage and maximum charge current |
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| It is necessary to ensure that the voltage is correctly. The charging voltage set too high will increase the corrosion of the positive plates causing loss of capacity and ultimately shorten the life of the battery. |
| Chart 6 & Chart 7 indicate the time taken to fully charge the battery. It is also seen that the charging current is decreased approx. 0.5-5mA/Ah under charging voltage 2.30vpc, and 3-10mA/Ah under charging voltage 2.40vpc when the battery is fully charge at 25°C. |
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| 2) Constant Current Charging |
| This method consists of charging the battery with constant current. This method of charging is generally not recommended for SLA battery. It is necessary to understand that if the batteries are not removed from charger as soon as possible after reaching a state of full charge. Considerable damage will occur to the batteries due to overcharging. An expensive circuit is necessary to obtain a highly accurate constant current. Consequently, this charger is rarely used for general purpose. |
| 3) Two Steps Constant Voltage Charging |
| When the charge is nearly complete and the battery voltage has risen to a specified value, a switching point is used to switch the set voltage to a lower charge. This method enables fast charging during cycle service, without the possibility of overcharge even after long extended charge. This method also allows fast charge in standby use. Also, the battery is protected from overcharge by switching over to float charge at the switching point. |
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